Before You Crowdfund an Invention, Consider Patent Protection

Before You Crowdfund an Invention, Consider Patent Protection Are you an inventor? Do you have an invention that works just as you expected?It all starts with a crazy idea which you believe in so much that you put in the effort to bring it to life.But the journey is never smooth. You will often get close to the working product only for a small hitch to take you several steps back.If you have developed anything from scratch, either a physical product to a virtual one like a software product, you know this process.So, when your eureka moment comes and everything works perfectly, you have a lot to celebrate.And the next logical step is to get funding so you can develop your product in large scale and sell.And where do you get funding from?Easy. You crowdfund. Right?Crowdfunding has gained a lot of popularity as startups seek to launch their business ideas despite having little cash.The idea is to have many people, referred to as backers, contribute small amounts to reach the desired amount.WHY CROWDFUND?The ease and convenience of getting funding through crowdfunding platforms is unmatched.Moreover, this funding avenue offers more than just funding opportunities.Crowdfunding also provides some good benefits which are worth appreciating:More Efficient Than Traditional FundingOne of the reasons crowdfunding is popular is the ease of access to backers.Backers don’t necessarily need to value your idea as banks would, before getting on board with it. It therefore becomes easier to access funding than if you visited a bank for a loan.In many cases, banks will require some form of security. Apart from that, the process is longer and tiresome.And since banks will consider your financial status before lending you any money, you may not stand a chance if you’re not a transacting customer.But what do backers require before giving you funds?All you have to do is win them using your invention and allow them to be first in experiencing it.Backers are people who love being ahead of others.They want to have the most novel of products so they enjoy their value as well as stand out from the crowd.This is why a platform like kickstarter has over 16.7 million backers.Check out the below official statistics about the platform. Source: KickstarterWhere you have such a big number of people willing to buy a new product before others can, the opportunities are unlimited.Also, launching your funding campaign on crowdfunding platforms is as easy as creating an online profile.Running the whole campaign, depending on the product and the duration you specify, can be very short.Indicator of Consumer InterestCrowdfunding also gives you an opportunity to gather customer feedback before having any real customers. You can look at this as product validation.If your invention is really cool and many people are eager to have it, then you know that your product is a success.Going through the comments from backers and potential fans of your product, you’ll see how much the market needs your product.There’s nothing as great for an entrepreneur as having the assurance that your product has a ready market.If the crowdfunding population wants your product, then so will the normal market outside the platform.Provides Cheap Bu t Excellent MarketingAnd with that assurance comes something else very critical for the “normal market.” That thing is marketing.You can look at the crowdfunding platform as a different world from the one you live in. In the crowdfunding world, people are eager to get new stuff. But in the “real” world, the skeptics could outnumber the potential customers.Furthermore, if you have no business experience or are little known, the chances of your business kicking off are slim.But not so if you first go through a platform like kickstarter or Indiegogo.Once the people in these platform go back to the “real” world of Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat etc, they will spread the news.They will create lots of awareness and publicity about the new invention in town.And if you have a website and social media pages, they can share links and help get the word out there.This is what social media marketing is all about.However, the beauty here is that you don’t labor so much. Just do the r ight campaign in the crowdfunding platform and so much more will follow.CROWDFUNDING RISKSBut the benefits of crowdfunding do not in any way mean that there are no risks. In fact, the risks involved are big. These risks are the reason behind writing this article.By the time you’re done reading, you’ll understand what to do to stay safe.The information will help you avoid losing your invention to someone who never worked for it.Here are two of the biggest risks you should be aware of.Stolen IdeasThe problem with crowdfunding is that the platforms are public in nature. And the public nature we’re talking about here is the internet.That means that your fresh and unique ideas are basically visible to the whole world.This was designed and intended to be good for you as an inventor. And indeed, the benefits are great.The fact that you can get publicity from anywhere in the world increases your chances of hitting your funding target.But it’s in that same benefit where the problem l ies.And the problem is made worse by the fact that you have to share lots of information about your invention to get funding.The question is, how safe is the information you’re sharing?Had you been having a discussion with an individual, you could easily get him to commit to secrecy.But on the internet?That’s impossible.People from all over the world are looking for money.And just as thieves want money they never worked for, so do some people want to run with ideas which were never theirs.When you describe on the internet how a product works, it takes an expert in the field very little effort to make minor changes to the concept and make money with it.This is the birth of a competition which you’re likely unaware of.You go ahead to produce your product and find that someone has something which works better than your product.“How come?” you ask.Well, your idea was on the internet. Once on the internet, the safety of your invention is no longer guaranteed.Stolen InventionsA worse case is where the actual invention, not just the concept, is stolen.When this happens, the product which competes with you is a copycat, not a slightly different one. This is where everything is exactly like what you worked on in your private lab.This situation can be very heartbreaking because not only is it daylight robbery, but you can’t even distinguish your product from the robber’s.What’s worse is that you may not be able to do anything about it. You can lament, accuse, claim, threaten etc. But changing the situation altogether is extremely difficult.That was the situation in which an Israeli inventor found himself in. His invention wasn’t “improved” upon. It was replicated exactly as he had invented it.Yekutiel Sherman was sure he was going to become rich from exploiting the global selfie trend. Instead of relying on the traditional selfie stick, he designed a smartphone case which doubled as a selfie stick.All you needed to do was pull back the “stick” from the back of the cover, adjust the phone position and voila!But unknown to him, someone was keen on reaping where he had not sown. Just seven days into the kickstarter campaign, someone had stolen the invention, manufactured the product and was already selling it.Seven days is all it took for Yekutiel’s invention to make someone else rich.And that’s not all. Whereas the original product was to retail at $47.41, the copycat was on sale at $8.18. You can guess what the reaction of the backers was like when they got the news.HOW TO PROTECT YOUR INVENTIONIt’s always wise to learn from other people’s experiences. You don’t have to go through a similar situation so as to learn.This article teaches you how to protect your invention through patenting.Patenting is the only real protection you can have for your invention. The challenge however is that patenting is not easy.First, it’s a process and second, it’s costly.But does that mean that you should gamble and leave your invention vulnerable?Certainly not.There are steps you can take to safeguard your hard work and ensure you benefit accordingly from its commercialization.Here is what you should keep in mind as you seek to fund your invention.Patent Before Revealing Your InventionThe safest way to protect your invention is by patenting it before you go to source for funds.This is advisable whether you’re crowdfunding or looking for an angel investor or a venture capitalists.When you apply for a patent, you won’t get the patent immediately. It will take some time before the United States Patent and Trademark Office clears your invention for patenting. However, in the course of that time, your invention is well protected.As you go for patenting, it’s important that you understand that there are different protections that you can benefit from.Apart from protecting the invention itself, you can also protect your trademark and have copyrights for any written material used specifically to market you r product.The below video from the USPTO explains the differences between a patent, trademark and copyrights. Having done this, you can safely go ahead and describe your invention as required by backers.In fact, you can even say that your invention is already patented. That statement in itself will be a deterrent.In the event that someone steals your idea or the invention, you can take legal action against him.Patent Within One Year of Revealing Your InventionIn case you have already exposed your unique solution to the whole world without patenting, you can still do it.Normally, you are allowed by the law to apply for a patent within one year of disclosing your invention to the public. You should be relieved to know that all hope is not lost.However, you need to move quickly. If someone else beats you to that application, you might have difficulties getting the patent for yourself.It can be frustrating for you to start the process only to discover that someone else did it before you .At this point, you will have to prove ownership.Simply mentioning your crowdfunding campaign as evidence that you are the owner of the invention may not suffice in a court of law.Of course you can argue out your case logically.But will you be able to prove that the other party doesn’t have the knowledge you have? The idea? The resources?The best thing to do if you have an invention out there, just apply for the patent as soon as possible.Patenting is a “First To File” ProcessTo see the challenge in the situation of not patenting first, it might help to realize that the process works on a first come first served basis. It’s referred to as the “First To File” process.It is simple. The first person to file for a patent, he’s the one considered the owner of the patent.This idea was a solution to curb the cases of people trying to steal already-existing inventions being ignorant of secured patents.It’s pretty obvious that someone will steal an idea after seeing or hearin g about it.As such, it’s only natural for such a person to try and patent after the original owner already did it.But in the event that the original owner never patented the innovation, then he is at a loss.In the eyes of the USPTO, he will be the one to prove ownership; not the alleged thief to prove his.In fact, the thief can even be the one suing the owner. Taking the first step can be his defensive move to keep the product.Consider Making a Provisional Patent ApplicationWith the costs involved, it’s quite understandableâ€"though not at all excusableâ€"that many would opt for the risks. In any case, haven’t many entrepreneurs started off this way?But to help you safeguard your upcoming business, the government made it possible to get the same protection at a lower cost.You do this by applying for the provisional patent.A provisional patent application is different from the regular patent. Its purpose is to create room for you to apply for the regular patent later on. The du ration you’re given to apply for the regular patent is 12 months.If one year passes without you doing so, then the protection you had is forfeited.In the event that you have a lawsuit concerning your invention and you provide your provisional patent, the ruling will likely be in your favor.Keep in mind that the judge will consider other factors surrounding the case too.Patent Your Invention in Other Countries Too (Especially China)If you live in the US, patenting your products with the USPTO is key for business.But that patent cannot protect your products outside the US.If your idea is stolen by someone in another country, your US patent won’t help you in a legal battle.The argument here is simple: other countries can also make inventionsâ€"and they do.For that reason, you will do well to consider patenting your product in other countries too.This is especially so if you intend to sell it outside the US.Still, even if you’re only selling it in the US, e-commerce can enable som eone else sell the product online.As long as he is not a US citizen, you can’t stop him from doing so.Most US inventions are sold within its borders. If they cross the borders, they often land in ally states who might respect US patents. One longstanding friendly country is the UK. Unfortunately, that cannot be said of all others.China is known to steal intellectual property. The Israeli innovation mentioned above is not a rare case.The US-China trade war which started in 2018 raises this issue. And not only is it from a purely business perspective, but also from a military one.It has been reported that the Chinese J-20 fighter jet was built using data stolen from US military systems. Going by these reports, then you can see how much of a problem stealing inventions is.MORE TIPS TO SAFEGUARD YOUR INVENTIONApart from these steps you can take to protect your invention, there are a couple other things you can do to increase your business success rates.Here are some things to consider even when you’re making your product known to backers.1. Don’t Expose Your Trade SecretsIntellectual property is a term which covers many different things.. Generally, anything that is derived from the mind through creativity qualifies to be called intellectual property.This can include music, poems, software code, drawings, fashion clothing designs, car designs etc.Still, there are other pieces of information which are very critical to the business or the successful operation of an invention. Such are what are called trade secrets.These include things like formulas, processes, practices and other technical information which give you an economic advantage. These are the things which when your competitor knows, he’ll be able to produce an exact replica of your product.Let’s consider the example of a car manufacturer. For him, trade secrets can include the exterior design, technical engine specifications, materials used to create the engine or body, suspension design etc.If a competitor got these details, he could make something similar or even better.This will take away the competitive edge the original inventor had.2. Clearly Differentiate Your Invention from OthersWhen applying for a patent, you have to show that your product is truly unique.This is the basis of calling it an invention. There must not exist anything similar to it.Of course, there can be some sort of similarity and this is where the problem arises.In such a case, it’s your ability to describe and elaborate on the uniqueness that will get you a patent.Ensure you are technical and detailed with your illustrations.3. Be Careful with Stranger “Co-Inventors”As you market your new product on the crowdfunding site you choose, beware of those who comment giving you advice on how you can make your invention better.This is good feedback that will come in handy later.However, it’s wise to remember that unexpected challenges can never be completely avoided.The same way someone may try ste aling your idea, the same way someone may try to do it by indirectly contributing to it. If you include his contribution to the final product, he can then claim a part of it since his ideas are implemented in it.In business, feedback from customers is used to improve products and services. Customers are happy about it and the company also benefits through additional sales and increased revenues.Take note however that this is where the company is established. In your case, you aren’t. You probably haven’t even started your campaign. The chances of someone trying to play a trick on you is high.How do you recognize such people?They will often be busy giving you ideas even when everyone else is not.Or if everyone is excited and giving you their thoughts, they are more dedicated and seem too interested in getting their ideas accepted.They can even follow up through frequent communication to see whether you incorporated their thoughts into the final product.Note that it doesn’t mean that anyone who is very excited about your invention is out to rob you.To ascertain that, you’ll have to take your time or maybe just go by your instincts.4. Protect Your Brand TooIf you’re set to run your own business, you might be having other intellectual property ready for take-off.Two of these are your brand name or exact name of the final product and your trademark.Do not reveal this information when crowdfunding. These can be stolen too, especially if they are catchy and easy to market.The name of the upcoming company or product can be used to register domains and even set up websites and blogs. If this happens, you’ll have a hard time getting started since searching for an appropriate domain name can be challenging.You may struggle coming up with the right name which is also available. This will delay your progress unnecessarily.5. Be Ready to ManufactureSince manufacturing is a big challenge and you can be beaten at it, try and seal a manufacturing deal before launch ing your campaign. This will help save the time used looking for a manufacturer after the funds have been secured.Depending on what you’re manufacturing, consider Chinese manufacturers.Although the Chinese are the ones commonly accused of insincerity, they happen to have cheap raw materials and labor.These two resources make manufacturing in Chine cheaper than in other countries.If you’re in a position to, visit your preferred manufacturer and see his work. Depending on the internet too much can cost you. You might fall into the hands of fraudsters.6. Set Up an Online StoreAfter you have done all that, set up an online store for selling your own product. This can be implemented in various ways.If you only have one product, then you won’t have much work to do. A simple plugin for your website or blog will be enough.If you’re selling many products, consider going fully e-commerce.You can also sell your product on Amazon. That will help you avoid the extra work of building your own e-commerce website.CONCLUSIONWith all the work you put in to invent your product, be wise to follow the advice given here.You will be able to enjoy the fruits of your own labor if you protect your invention.You can also consult an attorney for further help with these matters.

Online Marketing Limited Coursework - 1100 Words

Online Marketing Limited (Coursework Sample) Content: Business Requirements DocumentOnline Marketing Limited - Database warehousing projectNameInstitution Business Requirements DocumentProject OverviewThe project plan for this data warehousing project will offer an intuitive definition of the project, the projects, goals, scope and objectives of the project. The plan also works as an agreement or contract between the parties involved in this project including Project Sponsor, Computer Support Specialist, System Analyst, Information System Manager, Chief Information Officer, the Project Team, and all other personnel who will be involved in, affect by, or associated with this project.Background including current processOnline Marketing Limited offers Information Technology services to its clients including expert advice regarding mobile advertising and affiliate marketing, especially in area where there exists special emphasis on cost per action and revenue sharing. It offers these services to private and public institutio ns. The type of marketing includes search analytics, Pay per Click, web analytics and Cost per Click. However, Online Marketing Limited intends to implement additional products including email marketing, content marketing, native advertising, SEO, referral marketing and social media marketing.This project is thus aims at developing a data warehousing technology that would enable collection of data and online research through web analytics. The project goal is to improve and expand the current data transfer and data warehousing technologies, while at the same time develop and acquire relevant and adequate technology that would make email marketing, content marketing, native advertising, SEO, referral marketing and social media marketing possible.The IT roles for this project include technical support-solving and addressing computer user-issues, system analysis-monitoring swiftly and efficiently the computer functions, provision of software products, troubleshooting, programming and d evelopment of any necessary software. Scope of ProjectThis project, as has been noted, deals with ensuring efficient data warehousing, retrieval and data transfer. It proposes to offer quality services with regards to data collection, warehousing, transfer and retrieval to clients beyond the current and contemporary standards. It hopes to improve and increase the current database capacity to ten terabyte by at least 20 percent annually. Applications In order to ensure that the project is delivered on time within the set deadline, only the following application will be implemented: Databases, Cloud Technology, Security Infrastructure applications, Web Analytics interfaces and Data Warehousing. Sites These websites are considered part of the application: Google Analytics, Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn.Process Re-engineering Re-engineering will include the reengineering of the existing database, on-site and off-site web analytics, and search analytics. Customization Customizations wi ll be limited to the database and various user interfaces that will be implemented.Interfaces The interfaces to be included will include those that will enable Data communication, integration of different systems, HR development information, networking, and common follow-up information. Additionally, interfaces that will enable and allow information comparison and analysis, performance analysis, statistical data analysis will also be included.Conversion Only important data and volumes for the last two years will be considered for conversion: Testing The testing in this project will entail both technical functionality testing and usability testing.Funding The funding for this project is limited to internally designated for the project Training and Education The Training and education process of the personnel will only be limited to troubleshooting, maintenance, and the use of the data and system.Constraints and AssumptionsThe following constraints have been identified:Failure to i dentify any changes in the draft deliverables may result in project delays and missing of project deadlinesDifferent explicit and implicit costs exist in a data warehouse project such as implementation costs, administrative costs, software, and hardware costs.Data relevanceLack of a high enough commercial support within the corporate ladderLack of enough people from the user community who will be included in the requirements collection process and the development phaseThe following suppositions have been made in outlining the scope, goals and approach:The project team members will strictly follow and adhere to the project communication planUpper and the mid management team of Online Marketing Limited will buy into and support the project objectives and goalsThere would be continued advancements in technological infrastructure that would be able to support new and advanced mobile technologyAll of the stakeholders in the project will abide by the principle set that have been outlined in this planThe managing committee will participate in the complete and on-time implementation of the project by, for instance, ensuring that approval cycles and meetings are timely.The customers/clients data requirements that they initially asked for are what they actually want user requirements will not change in the course of the projectRisksThe following risks have been considered as likely to affect the progression of this project:A project management team that has never before handled a data warehousing project before and insists that it is to be done more like a transaction system project is handled.In-fighting within the project team might also result in unnecessary delaysIndecisiveness regarding the nature of the database, whether it should be aggregation oriented or transaction oriented. Lack of understanding of the needs of the organization with regards to a data warehouse, especially, how the data warehouse helps the organization achieve its objectivesFailure to includi ng a data quality project as an important part of the data warehouse implementation. This implies that, in the event that users lack confidence in the answe... Online Marketing Limited Coursework - 1100 Words Online Marketing Limited (Coursework Sample) Content: Business Requirements DocumentOnline Marketing Limited - Database warehousing projectNameInstitution Business Requirements DocumentProject OverviewThe project plan for this data warehousing project will offer an intuitive definition of the project, the projects, goals, scope and objectives of the project. The plan also works as an agreement or contract between the parties involved in this project including Project Sponsor, Computer Support Specialist, System Analyst, Information System Manager, Chief Information Officer, the Project Team, and all other personnel who will be involved in, affect by, or associated with this project.Background including current processOnline Marketing Limited offers Information Technology services to its clients including expert advice regarding mobile advertising and affiliate marketing, especially in area where there exists special emphasis on cost per action and revenue sharing. It offers these services to private and public institutio ns. The type of marketing includes search analytics, Pay per Click, web analytics and Cost per Click. However, Online Marketing Limited intends to implement additional products including email marketing, content marketing, native advertising, SEO, referral marketing and social media marketing.This project is thus aims at developing a data warehousing technology that would enable collection of data and online research through web analytics. The project goal is to improve and expand the current data transfer and data warehousing technologies, while at the same time develop and acquire relevant and adequate technology that would make email marketing, content marketing, native advertising, SEO, referral marketing and social media marketing possible.The IT roles for this project include technical support-solving and addressing computer user-issues, system analysis-monitoring swiftly and efficiently the computer functions, provision of software products, troubleshooting, programming and d evelopment of any necessary software. Scope of ProjectThis project, as has been noted, deals with ensuring efficient data warehousing, retrieval and data transfer. It proposes to offer quality services with regards to data collection, warehousing, transfer and retrieval to clients beyond the current and contemporary standards. It hopes to improve and increase the current database capacity to ten terabyte by at least 20 percent annually. Applications In order to ensure that the project is delivered on time within the set deadline, only the following application will be implemented: Databases, Cloud Technology, Security Infrastructure applications, Web Analytics interfaces and Data Warehousing. Sites These websites are considered part of the application: Google Analytics, Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn.Process Re-engineering Re-engineering will include the reengineering of the existing database, on-site and off-site web analytics, and search analytics. Customization Customizations wi ll be limited to the database and various user interfaces that will be implemented.Interfaces The interfaces to be included will include those that will enable Data communication, integration of different systems, HR development information, networking, and common follow-up information. Additionally, interfaces that will enable and allow information comparison and analysis, performance analysis, statistical data analysis will also be included.Conversion Only important data and volumes for the last two years will be considered for conversion: Testing The testing in this project will entail both technical functionality testing and usability testing.Funding The funding for this project is limited to internally designated for the project Training and Education The Training and education process of the personnel will only be limited to troubleshooting, maintenance, and the use of the data and system.Constraints and AssumptionsThe following constraints have been identified:Failure to i dentify any changes in the draft deliverables may result in project delays and missing of project deadlinesDifferent explicit and implicit costs exist in a data warehouse project such as implementation costs, administrative costs, software, and hardware costs.Data relevanceLack of a high enough commercial support within the corporate ladderLack of enough people from the user community who will be included in the requirements collection process and the development phaseThe following suppositions have been made in outlining the scope, goals and approach:The project team members will strictly follow and adhere to the project communication planUpper and the mid management team of Online Marketing Limited will buy into and support the project objectives and goalsThere would be continued advancements in technological infrastructure that would be able to support new and advanced mobile technologyAll of the stakeholders in the project will abide by the principle set that have been outlined in this planThe managing committee will participate in the complete and on-time implementation of the project by, for instance, ensuring that approval cycles and meetings are timely.The customers/clients data requirements that they initially asked for are what they actually want user requirements will not change in the course of the projectRisksThe following risks have been considered as likely to affect the progression of this project:A project management team that has never before handled a data warehousing project before and insists that it is to be done more like a transaction system project is handled.In-fighting within the project team might also result in unnecessary delaysIndecisiveness regarding the nature of the database, whether it should be aggregation oriented or transaction oriented. Lack of understanding of the needs of the organization with regards to a data warehouse, especially, how the data warehouse helps the organization achieve its objectivesFailure to includi ng a data quality project as an important part of the data warehouse implementation. This implies that, in the event that users lack confidence in the answe...

Crime Analysis Enhances Criminal Investigations - 2533 Words

Even though there has been fluctuation in particular crime categories, overall crime in general has decreased in Australia in recent years (Dearden Bricknell: 2008). It is due to this fluctuation in particular crimes that the media continues to play a role in misrepresenting crime rates, creating community fear and concerns regarding crime in this country (Kidd-Hewitt: 2002). The flow on effect is that it creates extra pressure on law enforcement agencies to try and bring crime under control. Law enforcement agencies turn to criminal investigators who are the ones that analyse crime information and provide guidance and advice to them. As with technology advancing, so is the face of crimes, with crimes becoming more sophisticated, organised and global (Laycock: 2008). With these advances in technology it creates more opportunities for offenders to commit crimes. It is the goal of criminal investigators to reduce or eliminate these opportunities and thus reducing crime. Just li ke offenders who take the opportunities to commit crime, criminal investigators take the opportunity to use and apply their new knowledge to their working practices. Research suggests that traditional policing methods (reactive, incident-driven approach) are ineffective. If traditional policing methods are ineffective, then investigators have to look for an alternative to effectively deal with crime without using excessive imprisonment. Whilst in the past criminal investigators haveShow MoreRelatedInvestigation Of A Criminal Investigation Essay1447 Words   |  6 PagesInvestigation Research A criminal investigator can be described as an individual who collects, records, and analyzes evidence and information related to a criminal offense. The main goal of criminal investigation is to discover the truth regarding the events and processes that contributed to the occurrence of a criminal offense. 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The forensic investigation of arson, fire and explosives is a very collaborated approach. â€Å"Arson investigators have two immediate objectives: (1) to determine exactly where, at the scene, the fire began and (2) what caused the fire to ignite.Read MoreCriminal Profiling, Criminal, And Forensic Psychology1226 Words   |  5 PagesCriminal profiling is another subject of criminal and forensic psychology, which is probably one of the oldest studies of forensic science. Criminal profiling has been called many things, such as behavioral profiling, crime scene profiling, criminal personality profiling, psychological profiling, and more recently even criminal investigation analysis. Criminal profiling’s history has come from a history of criminal behavior, the study of mental illn esses, and forensic examinations. Criminal profiling

JEFFERSON Surname Meaning and Origin

Jefferson is a patronymic surname meaning son of Jeffrey, Jeffers, or Jeff. Jeffrey is a variant of Geoffrey, meaning peaceful place, from gawia, meaning territory and frid, meaning peace.  Geoffrey is also a possible variant of the Norman personal name  Godfrey, meaning Gods peace or peaceful ruler. Surname Origin: English Alternate Surname Spellings: JEFFERS, JEFFERIES, JEFFRYS Where in the World is the JEFFERSON Surname Found? The Jefferson  surname is most prevalent in the United States, where it ranks as the 662nd most common surname in the nation, according to surname distribution data from Forebears. It is most common in the Cayman Islands, where it ranks 133rd, and is also fairly common in England, Haiti, Brazil, Northern Ireland, Jamaica, Grenada, Bermuda and the British Virgin Islands. According to  WorldNames PublicProfiler, the Jefferson surname is most popular in the United States, especially in the District of Columbia, followed by the states of Mississippi, Louisiana, Delaware, South Carolina, Virginia and Arkansas. Within the United Kingdom, Jefferson is found primarily in Northern England and the southern border regions of Scotland, with the greatest numbers living in the Redcar and Cleveland district where the surname originated, and in surrounding counties such as North Yorkshire, Durham, Cumbria, and Northumberland in England, and Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland. Famous People with the Last Name JEFFERSON Thomas Jefferson - 3rd president of the United States and author of the Declaration of IndependenceBlind Lemon Jefferson -  American blues guitarist,  singer and songwriterGeoffrey Jefferson -  British neurologist and pioneering neurosurgeonArthur Stanley Jefferson - English comic actorEddie Jefferson -  celebrated American jazz  vocalist and lyricistFrancis Arthur Jefferson -  English recipient of the Victoria Cross Genealogy Resources for the Surname JEFFERSON Jefferson DNA ProjectA group of people whove tested their Y-DNA through Family Tree DNA in an effort to use DNA plus traditional genealogical research to match up various Jefferson lineages. Ancestry of Thomas JeffersonA discussion of the ancestry of U.S. President Thomas Jefferson, from the website of his family home, Monticello. Jeffersons BloodA discussion of the DNA evidence that supports the theory that  Thomas Jefferson fathered at least one of Sally Hemingss children, and quite probably all six.   Jefferson Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Jefferson  family crest or coat of arms for the Jefferson surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. JEFFERSON Genealogy ForumSearch the archives for posts about Jefferson  ancestors, or post your own Jefferson query. FamilySearch - JEFFERSON GenealogyExplore over 600,000 historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Jefferson  surname and its variations on the free FamilySearch website, hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. JEFFERSON  Surname Family Mailing ListsRootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Jefferson surname.----------------------- References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.    Back to  Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Six Items You Might Not Know Were in the Constitution

Internet Censorship Essay example - 1506 Words

Censorship of the Internet We should demand that all public schools and libraries install and configure Internet Filters. This statement shows how Jeffery Pollock, a candidate for the 3rd Congressional District seat in Oregon, views the Internet. Unfortunately for him, the one thing that he ranted and raved about was the one thing that gave him an unfair disadvantage in the in the upcoming elections. (Blind Ballots) Cyber Patrol, One of the leading Internet censoring companies and is used in over 17,000 schools in the Untied States, actually blocked his website from potential voters. Needless to say, when Mr. Pollock discovered this injustice, some of his views about Internet censorship changed. But Mr. Pollock isn’t the only†¦show more content†¦It would be beneficial to censor the Internet in schools if the censoring program actually worked; sadly none of the programs are good enough and actually do more harm than good. If there is a student who wants to find porn on the Internet, he will bec ause the censoring programs suck. Not only will he find the porn, but also he will not get into trouble for it because since it is censored only good sites that are approved are available. When I was in high school, I did an Ecology paper and the censoring program actually blocked out informational internet pages about black bears and bullfrogs, simply because it contained information about mating habits, which is ridiculous. Many highly respectable organizations are completely against Internet censorship. One such organization is the American Library Association or ALA. The ALA is against any type of censoring software or programs in any of their affiliations across the nation. In Fact, a line in the ALA code of ethics specifically states, â€Å"We uphold the principles of intellectual Freedom and resist all efforts to censor library resources.†(Weckert 44) There is no mistaking that the ALA is against censorship. Another highly regarded source is The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, In this Article 19 states â€Å"Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and import information and ideas through anyShow MoreRelatedCensorship And Censorship Of The Internet985 Words   |  4 Pagesissue of Censorship of the Internet in America has become a trending topic. The internet has been commonly c ensored to comply with the Digital Millennium Rights Act, but in recent times our government has been requesting more aggressive censorship in order to provide a safer cyberspace. If the American government began to censor the internet, the restriction will result in suppression of freedom of the press, hindering freedom of speech, and reduce the plethora of information on the internet. If AmericaRead MoreInternet Censorship And The Internet941 Words   |  4 Pages More than two decades ago, the Internet was yet to be ubiquitous in the homes of the general public around the world. Today, global users of the Internet has surpassed the 3 billion mark, or approximately 45% of the world population, a trend that is not likely to slow down anytime soon (World Internet Users Statistics and 2015 World Population Stats, 2014). The idealistic vision of self-governance of the Internet has proved to be insufficient and threats to the Internet’s core principles areRead MoreThe Internet and Censorship940 Words   |  4 PagesThe internet is a diverse pool of information that anyone nowadays can have access to. One of the more controversial topics that involves the internet, is the censorship of the internet. Internet censorship can be defined as the control or suppression of what can be accessed, published or viewed on the internet. It’s been hot topic in recent years because many government organizations have been trying to pass many reforms to help push the censorship of the internet, either directly or indirectlyRead More Internet Censorship Essay1605 Words   |  7 PagesEveryone has heard of the Internet and how it is going to help set the world free. The Internet is the fastest growing form of communication and is becoming more and more common in the home. Companies these days do big business over the Internet, and online shopping has grown tremendously in the last few years. For instance, the online auction site eBay sells millions of items every year online. Many companies are making even more plans to expand their business to the Internet. Unfortunately, there haveRead MoreInternet Censorship1799 Words   |  8 PagesTechnologies Used In Internet Censorship and Control Murdoch (2013) opines the Internet as an entity where control is always fought over for by those that use it. He further demystifies the internet, breaking it down to the two protocols that define it. These are the transmission control protocol – TCP- and the Internet Protocol –Ip. It is these protocols that enable the connection of two separate networks to each other. The protocols enable the easy connection of separate networks, without theRead MoreCensorship And Censorship Of The Internet1754 Words   |  8 PagesCensorship of the Internet is on the rise in highly populated states today. Although the Internet is considered as one of the most significant tools for the public sphere, many users have decried the Internet’s benefits and seen the Internet as a ‘double-edged sword’. Even as the Internet connects most of the world and gives valuable access to information, the same tool allows access to material that may be considered dangerous or harmfu l. The recent increase in discussion on the act of censorshipRead MoreThe Censorship Of Internet Censorship3057 Words   |  13 Pages Internet Censorship Student’s Name: Institution Name: Internet Censorship Internet censorship refers to the suppression and control of what people can access, publish, or view on the cyberspace (Reynolds, 2014). It may be done by regimes or private firms at the command of the government. It can be a government’s initiative is or carried out by regulators. Organizations and individuals may practice self-censorship for religious, business or moral reasons to comply with societal normsRead More Internet Censorship Essay1726 Words   |  7 PagesInternet Censorship The freedom of speech that was possible on the Internet could now be subjected to governmental approvals. For example, China is attempting to restrict political expression, in the name of security and social stability. It requires users of the Internet and electronic mail (e-mail) to register, so that it may monitor their activities. In the United Kingdom, state secrets and personal attacks are off limits on the Internet. Laws are strict and the government is extremely interestedRead MoreInternet Censorship Essay886 Words   |  4 PagesInternet Censorship Presently, it seems that the Internet is playing a very important role in everyones daily life. This multipurpose network has many different functions useful for everyday work and entertainment. Due to the freedom of the Internet various debates and protests have come to disagree with its open form of communication. Because of the misuse of the internet many people believe that there should be some kind of internet censorship, while others are against internet censorshipRead More Internet Censorship Essay802 Words   |  4 PagesInternet Censorship Internet Censorship. What does this mean to us? What is restricted? Censorship is summarily defined as the suppression of objectionable material. That means that material such as pornography, militant information, offensive language, anti-religion, and racism would be restricted in use. Freedom would not only be restricted to material placed on the web, but also what you could access, and where you could explore. Should the right of Freedom of Speech be taken away from

The Ritz-Carlton A Snapshot Free Essays

The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company is a management company that develops and operates luxury hotels for W. B. Johnson Properties, also based in Atlanta. We will write a custom essay sample on The Ritz-Carlton: A Snapshot or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 1983, W. B. Johnson acquired exclusive U. S. rights to the Ritz-Carlton trademark, a name associated with luxury hotels for 100 years. The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company operates 23 business and resort hotels in the United States and two hotels in Australia. It also has nine international sales offices and employs 11,500 people. Two subsidiary products, restaurants and banquets, are marketed heavily to local residents. The company claims distinctive facilities and environments, highly personalized services, and exceptional food and beverages. â€Å"Gold Standards† Quality planning begins with President and Chief Operating Officer Horst Schulze and the other 13 senior executives who make up the corporate steering committee. This group, which doubles as the senior quality management team, meets weekly to review the quality of products and services, guest satisfaction, market growth and development, organizational indicators, profits, and competitive status. Each year, executives devote about one-fourth of their time to quality-related matters. The company’s business plan demonstrates the value it places on goals for quality products and services. Quality goals draw heavily on consumer requirements derived from extensive research by the travel industry and the company’s customer reaction data, focus groups, and surveys. The plan relies upon a management system designed to avoid the variability of service delivery traditionally associated with hotels. Uniform processes are well defined and documented at all levels of the company. Key product and service requirements of the travel consumer have been translated into Ritz-Carlton Gold Standards, which include a credo, motto, three steps of service, and 20 â€Å"Ritz-Carlton Basics. † Each employee is expected to understand and adhere to these standards, which describe processes for solving problems guests may have as well as detailed grooming, housekeeping, and safety and efficiency standards. Company studies prove that this emphasis is on the mark, paying dividends to customers and, ultimately, to Ritz-Carlton. The corporate motto is â€Å"ladies and gentlemen serving ladies and gentlemen. † To provide superior service, Ritz-Carlton trains employees with a thorough orientation, followed by on-the-job training, then job certification. Ritz-Carlton values are reinforced continuously by daily â€Å"line ups,† frequent recognition for extraordinary achievement, and a performance appraisal based on expectations explained during the orientation, training, and certification processes. To ensure problems are resolved quickly, workers are required to act at first notice — regardless of the type of problem or customer complaint. All employees are empowered to do whatever it takes to provide â€Å"instant pacification. † No matter what their normal duties are, other employees must assist if aid is requested by a fellow worker who is responding to a guest’s complaint or wish. Much of the responsibility for ensuring high-quality guest services and accommodations rests with employees. Surveyed annually to ascertain their levels of satisfaction and understanding of quality standards, workers are keenly aware that excellence in guest services is a top hotel and personal priority. A full 96 percent of all employees surveyed in 1991 singled out this priority — even though the company had added 3,000 new employees in the previous 3 years. Detailed Planning At each level of the company — from corporate leaders to managers and employees in individual work areas — teams are charged with setting objectives and devising action plans, which are reviewed by the corporate steering committee. In addition, each hotel has a â€Å"quality leader,† who serves as a resource and advocate as teams and workers develop and implement their quality plans. Teams and other mechanisms cultivate employee commitment. For example, each work area is covered by three teams responsible for setting quality-certification standards for each position, problem solving, and strategic planning. The benefits of detailed planning and the hands-on involvement of executives are evident during the 7 days leading up to the opening of a new hotel. Rather than opening a hotel in phases, as is the practice in the industry, Ritz-Carlton aims to have everything right when the door opens to the first customer. A â€Å"7-day countdown control plan† synchronizes all steps leading to the opening. The company president and other senior leaders personally instruct new employees on the â€Å"Gold Standards† and quality management during a 2-day orientation, and a specially selected start-up team composed of staff from other hotels around the country ensures all work areas, processes, and equipment are ready. Quality Data Daily quality production reports, derived from data submitted from each of the 720 work areas in the hotel system, serve as an early warning system for identifying problems that can impede progress toward meeting quality and customer-satisfaction goals. Coupled with quarterly summaries of guest and meeting planner reactions. the combined data are compared with predetermined customer expectations to improve services. Among the data gathered and tracked over time are guest room preventive maintenance cycles per year, percentage of check-ins with no queuing, time spent to achieve industry-best clean room appearance, and time to service an occupied guest room. From automated building and safety systems to computerized reservation systems, Ritz-Carlton uses advanced technology to full advantage. For example, each employee is trained to note guest likes and dislikes. These data are entered in a computerized guest history profile that provides information on the preferences of 240,000 repeat Ritz-Carlton guests, resulting in more personalized service. The aim of these and other customer-focused measures is not simply to meet the expectations of guests but to provide them with a â€Å"memorable visit. † According to surveys conducted for Ritz-Carlton by an independent research firm, 92 to 97 percent of the company’s guests leave with that impression. Evidence of the effectiveness of the company’s efforts also includes the 121 quality-related awards received in 1991 and industry-best rankings by all three major hotel-rating organizations. How to cite The Ritz-Carlton: A Snapshot, Papers